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Legal mtDNA Test – Maternal Lineage (Court Admissible in India)
A Legal mtDNA (Mitochondrial DNA) Test is a scientifically reliable method used to establish biological relationships through the maternal line. Unlike nuclear DNA, mtDNA is inherited exclusively from the mother and remains almost unchanged across generations. This makes it especially valuable in legal situations where the biological mother is unavailable, deceased, or cannot provide a DNA sample. When conducted under legal supervision, this test becomes court-recognized and admissible as evidence in Indian courts.
What Does the mtDNA Test Prove?
The mtDNA test determines whether two or more individuals share the same maternal lineage. While it cannot identify an individual uniquely, it can strongly confirm or exclude a maternal relationship. Courts rely on this test when conventional parentage testing is not possible.
Legal Situations Where mtDNA Testing Is Required
This test is commonly ordered or accepted in cases involving maternal inheritance disputes, immigration and citizenship verification, identification of missing persons, and family lineage confirmation. It is also used in disaster victim identification and long-standing family disputes where documentation is missing or disputed.
Legal Procedure and Chain of Custody
A Legal mtDNA Test follows strict procedures including court approval, identity verification, supervised sample collection, and documented chain of custody. Samples are sealed and analyzed in certified laboratories to ensure integrity and authenticity.
Court Acceptance
The final report is prepared with legal documentation and submitted directly to the court or authorized authority, making it fully admissible in Indian legal proceedings.
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